Bone-char-drying apparatus



Dec 9, 1930. J; l ET A]? 1,784,626

BONE CHAR DRYING APPARATUS Filed June 25 1925 V 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec.

J. HAMILL ET AL BONE CHAR DRYING APPARATUS Filed June 25, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet, 5

9, 1930. J. HAMILL ET AL 1,784,626

BONE CHAR DRYING APPARATUS INVENTORS Patented Dec. 9, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JAMES HAMILL, OF EAST ORANGE, NE? JERSEY, AND JOHN FBEDBICK TADDIKEN,

} OF FOREST HILLS, NEW YORK BONE-CEAB-DRYING APPARATUS Application fled June 25, 1825. Serial No. 39,445.

Our invention relates to a novel process and ap aratus for revivifying char, used in sugar re 'ning for removing coloring and other matter from sugar liquors, preparatory to again using the char.

- Our invention relates more articularly to drying wet char, before it is ed into a char kiln where the char is subjected to a higher temperature than in the dryer. In the char l0 kiln the last trace of moisture and organic impurities are driven off and the revivifying of the char is com leted. I

Our invention urther relates to drawing external air, or a similar medium, into and out of the body of the drying char, using such external air or other medium as a vehicle to remove the vapors of evaporation, thereby preventing condensation of the evaporated moisture back in other and cooler portions of the char. At the sanie time we control the rate of flow of the external air, which may or may not be heated as desired, to insure maximum removal of the vapors.

Our invention further relates to removing the vapors of evaporation from different zones or levels of the drying char, either with, or without the aid of external air.

Our invention further relates to heating the char dryer by the spent products of combustion from the char kiln.

Other objectsand advantages of the invention will be set forth in part hereinafter and in part will be obvious herefrom, or may be learned by practice with the invention, the same'being realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention consists in the novel parts, process, constructions, arrangements, combinations and improvements herein shown and described.

The accompanying drawings, referred to herein and constituting a part hereof, illustrate one embodiment of the invention, and together with the description, serve to explain the rinciples of the invention.

Of the rawingsz- Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in vertical section of our combined char dryer and char Y kiln; L

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the staggered section line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the char dryer;

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation partly in vertical section;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 55 of Flg. 4.

p In our invention we take the wet char and give it a preliminary drying to remove substantially all the moisture before passing it into the char kiln where it is subjected to a higher temperature, and in which the complete revivif ing process is effected by removing the last trace of moisture and all organic impurities. During the drying of the char in the dryer, which in our invention is connected to, but separate from, the char kiln, we withdraw the vapors of evaporation at different points, stages or zones of the drying char, and permit such vapors to escape-to the stack or chimney without passing them through other and cooler portions of the dry- .ing char where they would be condensed.

This materially assists the drying of the wet char and speeds up the process of revivifyin it, thereby reducing the cost.

e also preferably, though not necessarily, pass another medium, such as external dry air, through the body of dryin char so that this air, or other similar medium, passing through the drying char will'carry off the vapors of evaporation and further assist in removing such vapors to the chimney or stack without permittin them to pass through the cooler portions of the drying char where such vapors would be condensed. The passage of this external air, or other medium, is controlled in any suitable way to give the desired rate of flow; the rate of flow is sulficient to most expeditiously remove from the body of the drying char thevapors of evaporation and permit them to ass independently to the stack. Ordinarily t e draft of the stack will be suflicient thou h if desired a forced draft may be employed.

In the particular embodiment of our invention, il ustrated in the drawings, coal, gas or other fuel is burnt in the central combusv tion chamber 1 of the char kiln 2, Fig. 1. The products of combustion are deflected down by 100 the crown plate 3 and pass through the ports 4, 4 and thence around the retorts 5, 5. hey are then withdrawn through the different fiues 6, 7 8 and 9 and pass into the flue 10 connected with the flue chamber 100 of the char dryer 11 which is mounted above the char kiln 2. The products of combustion then pass through the port 101 into the vertical flue 12 of the char dryer 11 (Fig. 2), and thencethrough one or more flue pipes 13, 13 (Fig. 5) t0 the rear of the dryer 11 where they are each connected with the smoke box 14, which in turn is connected with the chimney opening 15 controlled by the damper 16 pivoted on the pivot 17 and actuated by weight 18 on the chain 19 passing over the pulley 20, the weight normally holding the damper against the stop 21.

On the bottom of the flue pipes 13 we cast flue pg): fins 22, 22 (Fig. 4). Each pair of these s form an air passage 23 which connects with the smoke box 14 (Fig. 5).

The wet char is thrown into the ho per 24 (Fig. 4) of the char dryer 11 and alls by gravity between the different flue pipes 13, 13 which separates and at the same time heats it, changing its moisture into vapors. These vapors are withdrawn at different zones or levels of the drying char by passing into the air passages 23, 23 which are connected at different levels with the smoke box 14, so that the draft of the stack or chimney will evacuate these air passages 23, 23 and remove the vapors, thereby preventing them passing up through cooler portions of the drying char which would condense them. The angle of repose of the slowly moving char, after passing the flue pipe fins 22, 22 will, of course,

form V shape openin s in the char which will to the area of the airsupplement and ad passages 23, 23. v In addition to the means just described of withdrawing the vapors through the air passages 23, 23 formed by the flue pipe fins 22, 22 we preferably, though not necessarily, admit external dry air into the bod of the drying char, preferablyat different evels, or zones, so that the dry air may work through different portions of the zones of the drying char and be removed, after taking up the vapors driven off in the act of drying. This external air being then passed, in any suitable manner, to the smoke box without passing upward through the mass of drying char, where the cooler sections, portions or zones would condense the moisture or vapor. This may be done in various ways. ThlS external air may i be heated or not as desired. If desired, it may be heated by waste heat from the char coolers.

In the drawings we have shown a plurality of pipes 30 resting upon supports 31, 31. These pipes 30, 30 for most of their length are slotted or open at the bottom. One end 32, however, is closed where it passes through the vertical flue 12 (Fig. 5) and through the face plate 33. These ends 32,

32 are open to the atmosphere and are closed by pivoted doors 34, 34 (Figs. 3 and 5) which are preferably connected together by a rod 35 pivoted to each door at 36 so that the movement of the rod will open and close all the control doors 34, 34. This rod may be held in any desired position by pin 37 (Fig. 3) mounted in any one of the holes 38, 38 (Fig. 5) so as to cooperate with the lug 39 on the face plate 33 (Figs. 3 and 5).

It is obvious that by grasping the handle 40 of the rod 35 and raising and lowering it the different doors 34, 34 will be operated simultaneously and that they will be held in any desired adjusted position by placing the adjustable pin 37 into a particular hole 38 of the rod 35 to control the rate of flow of the external dry air through the pipes 30, 30. Of course, any other suitable manner of adjusting the doors may be employed. The other end of these pipes 30, 30 are supported by the plate 41 (Fig. 5) of the dryer 11, but they do not connect with the smoke box 14.

It will, therefore, be clear that by operating the handle 40 of the rod 35 more or less external dry air will be permitted to flow into different levels or zones of the drying char in the dryer 11, the-air passing out through the open bottom of the pipes 30, 30 thence through a portion of the drying char and into one of the adjacent air passages 23, and through such passage 23 to the smoke box 14, and thence to the chimiiey opening' 15 and the stack.

As this external dry air passes through the different zones of the drying char it will absorb more or less of the vapors given off by the char, and, of course, in varying degrees dependent on the rate of flow and the particular zone. Ordinarily the draft of the chimney will be sufficient to insure a positive circulation of the external air through these pipes 30, 30 and thence to the smoke box 14 and the chimney opening 15 through the air passages 23,123 in the manner previously used if desired.

To permit additional external air tO Q."

drawn through the charge of the drying char we may use one or more louvres 45 arranged along the sides of the dryer box in addition to the open pipe 30 to permit additional external air to be admitted to the char along the outside of the dryer.

After the wet char has passed through our char dryer 11, it is substantially dry and free of moisture. It then passes by gravity through the openings 48 (Fig. 1) onto the inclined chute 49 where it will fall through the openings 50 and 51 into the different retorts 5, 5 where it is subjected to a higher temperature than in the dryer to remove the last trace of moisture and organic impurities so that when it emerges from these retorts 5, 5 the of the invention and without sacrificing its chief advantages.

What we claim is 1. predrier for a char revivifying apparatus mcludin in combination a chamber, means for fee ing char downwardly there through, a plurality of spaced apart heating flues adapted to divide the downwardly travelling char into a plurality of thin streams, fins extending from said hea-tin flues to define passages for air currents, an' means for passing external air through the chamber in intimate contact with the char for the purpose of removing the evaporated moisture and gaseous impurities.

2. A predrier for a char revivifying apparatus including in combination a chamber, a chimney communicating with the heating means at the rear of the chamber, air channels between the levelsof heating means communicatin with the chimne means at the front of t e chamber for a mitting atmosphericair into each channel whereby currents of fresh air pass throu h the chamber in direct contact with the c ar at each level to carry away the vapors and prevent their movement to different levels and additional air openings along the sides of the chamber communicating withsaid air channels.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification.

JAMES HAMILL.

JOHN FREDRICK TADDIKEN. 

